First Up - What was the field trip about?

Consider the Landforms produced by glacial action

Looked at moraines - started to think about what sediments associated with - (start the intergration processes)

Two Points:

Glaciers rarely bulldoze.

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Complex local sediment.

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Ultimate goal - draw some conclusions about the amount and nature of the meltwater associated with Southern Ohio Glaciers.

Introduction to Meltwater Production

• Mass Ablation - where does that ice go?
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• Long term vs. short term - rainfall introduction.
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• Transport paths: - surface, englacial, subglacial.
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• Surface - distinct channels, englacial - karst analog, subglacial ?

Two points for the Physics-

Ice floats and water seeks it's own level.

In a tube that has instant response water gets to its own level. In pipe with leaky block have different heads. Thus it sets up a gradent.

Therefore we have a hydraulic potential Phi which is measure of the available energy (which governs the flow of water).

Hydraulic Potential

How high in the air - and how high in the ice

Phi=Phi0+Phie+Pw

Phi0 constant relating shape of conduit, Phie potential from elevation, Pw water pressure

Pressure Heads